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Update LDAP docs [ci skip]

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doc/README.md
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## Administrator documentation
 
- [Authentication/Authorization](administration/auth/README.md) Configure
external authentication with LDAP, SAML, CAS and additional Omniauth providers.
- [Custom git hooks](hooks/custom_hooks.md) Custom git hooks (on the filesystem) for when webhooks aren't enough.
- [Install](install/README.md) Requirements, directory structures and installation from source.
- [Restart GitLab](administration/restart_gitlab.md) Learn how to restart GitLab and its components
- [Integration](integration/README.md) How to integrate with systems such as JIRA, Redmine, LDAP and Twitter.
- [Integration](integration/README.md) How to integrate with systems such as JIRA, Redmine, Twitter.
- [Issue closing](customization/issue_closing.md) Customize how to close an issue from commit messages.
- [Libravatar](customization/libravatar.md) Use Libravatar for user avatars.
- [Log system](logs/logs.md) Log system.
doc/administration/auth/README.md 0 → 100644
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# Authentication and Authorization
GitLab integrates with the following external authentication and authorization
providers.
- [LDAP](ldap.md) Includes Active Directory, Apple Open Directory, Open LDAP,
and 389 Server
- [OmniAuth](../../integration/omniauth.md) Sign in via Twitter, GitHub, GitLab.com, Google,
Bitbucket, Facebook, Shibboleth, Crowd and Azure
- [SAML](../../integration/saml.md) Configure GitLab as a SAML 2.0 Service Provider
- [CAS](../../integration/cas.md) Configure GitLab to sign in using CAS
doc/administration/auth/ldap.md 0 → 100644
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# LDAP
GitLab integrates with LDAP to support user authentication.
This integration works with most LDAP-compliant directory
servers, including Microsoft Active Directory, Apple Open Directory, Open LDAP,
and 389 Server. GitLab EE includes enhanced integration, including group
membership syncing.
## Security
GitLab assumes that LDAP users are not able to change their LDAP 'mail', 'email'
or 'userPrincipalName' attribute. An LDAP user who is allowed to change their
email on the LDAP server can potentially
[take over any account](#enabling-ldap-sign-in-for-existing-gitlab-users)
on your GitLab server.
We recommend against using LDAP integration if your LDAP users are
allowed to change their 'mail', 'email' or 'userPrincipalName' attribute on
the LDAP server.
### User deletion
If a user is deleted from the LDAP server, they will be blocked in GitLab, as
well. Users will be immediately blocked from logging in. However, there is an
LDAP check cache time (sync time) of one hour (see note). This means users that
are already logged in or are using Git over SSH will still be able to access
GitLab for up to one hour. Manually block the user in the GitLab Admin area to
immediately block all access.
>**Note**: GitLab EE supports a configurable sync time, with a default
of one hour.
## Configuration
To enable LDAP integration you need to add your LDAP server settings in
`/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` or `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`.
>**Note**: In GitLab EE, you can configure multiple LDAP servers to connect to
one GitLab server.
Prior to version 7.4, GitLab used a different syntax for configuring
LDAP integration. The old LDAP integration syntax still works but may be
removed in a future version. If your `gitlab.rb` or `gitlab.yml` file contains
LDAP settings in both the old syntax and the new syntax, only the __old__
syntax will be used by GitLab.
The configuration inside `gitlab_rails['ldap_servers']` below is sensitive to
incorrect indentation. Be sure to retain the indentation given in the example.
Copy/paste can sometimes cause problems.
**Omnibus configuration**
```ruby
gitlab_rails['ldap_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['ldap_servers'] = YAML.load <<-EOS # remember to close this block with 'EOS' below
main: # 'main' is the GitLab 'provider ID' of this LDAP server
## label
#
# A human-friendly name for your LDAP server. It is OK to change the label later,
# for instance if you find out it is too large to fit on the web page.
#
# Example: 'Paris' or 'Acme, Ltd.'
label: 'LDAP'
host: '_your_ldap_server'
port: 389
uid: 'sAMAccountName'
method: 'plain' # "tls" or "ssl" or "plain"
bind_dn: '_the_full_dn_of_the_user_you_will_bind_with'
password: '_the_password_of_the_bind_user'
# Set a timeout, in seconds, for LDAP queries. This helps avoid blocking
# a request if the LDAP server becomes unresponsive.
# A value of 0 means there is no timeout.
timeout: 10
# This setting specifies if LDAP server is Active Directory LDAP server.
# For non AD servers it skips the AD specific queries.
# If your LDAP server is not AD, set this to false.
active_directory: true
# If allow_username_or_email_login is enabled, GitLab will ignore everything
# after the first '@' in the LDAP username submitted by the user on login.
#
# Example:
# - the user enters 'jane.doe@example.com' and 'p@ssw0rd' as LDAP credentials;
# - GitLab queries the LDAP server with 'jane.doe' and 'p@ssw0rd'.
#
# If you are using "uid: 'userPrincipalName'" on ActiveDirectory you need to
# disable this setting, because the userPrincipalName contains an '@'.
allow_username_or_email_login: false
# To maintain tight control over the number of active users on your GitLab installation,
# enable this setting to keep new users blocked until they have been cleared by the admin
# (default: false).
block_auto_created_users: false
# Base where we can search for users
#
# Ex. ou=People,dc=gitlab,dc=example
#
base: ''
# Filter LDAP users
#
# Format: RFC 4515 https://tools.ietf.org/search/rfc4515
# Ex. (employeeType=developer)
#
# Note: GitLab does not support omniauth-ldap's custom filter syntax.
#
user_filter: ''
# LDAP attributes that GitLab will use to create an account for the LDAP user.
# The specified attribute can either be the attribute name as a string (e.g. 'mail'),
# or an array of attribute names to try in order (e.g. ['mail', 'email']).
# Note that the user's LDAP login will always be the attribute specified as `uid` above.
attributes:
# The username will be used in paths for the user's own projects
# (like `gitlab.example.com/username/project`) and when mentioning
# them in issues, merge request and comments (like `@username`).
# If the attribute specified for `username` contains an email address,
# the GitLab username will be the part of the email address before the '@'.
username: ['uid', 'userid', 'sAMAccountName']
email: ['mail', 'email', 'userPrincipalName']
# If no full name could be found at the attribute specified for `name`,
# the full name is determined using the attributes specified for
# `first_name` and `last_name`.
name: 'cn'
first_name: 'givenName'
last_name: 'sn'
## EE only
# Base where we can search for groups
#
# Ex. ou=groups,dc=gitlab,dc=example
#
group_base: ''
# The CN of a group containing GitLab administrators
#
# Ex. administrators
#
# Note: Not `cn=administrators` or the full DN
#
admin_group: ''
# The LDAP attribute containing a user's public SSH key
#
# Ex. ssh_public_key
#
sync_ssh_keys: false
# GitLab EE only: add more LDAP servers
# Choose an ID made of a-z and 0-9 . This ID will be stored in the database
# so that GitLab can remember which LDAP server a user belongs to.
# uswest2:
# label:
# host:
# ....
EOS
```
**Source configuration**
Use the same format as `gitlab_rails['ldap_servers']` for the contents under
`servers:` in the example below:
```
production:
# snip...
ldap:
enabled: false
servers:
main: # 'main' is the GitLab 'provider ID' of this LDAP server
## label
#
# A human-friendly name for your LDAP server. It is OK to change the label later,
# for instance if you find out it is too large to fit on the web page.
#
# Example: 'Paris' or 'Acme, Ltd.'
label: 'LDAP'
# snip...
```
## Using an LDAP filter to limit access to your GitLab server
If you want to limit all GitLab access to a subset of the LDAP users on your
LDAP server, the first step should be to narrow the configured `base`. However,
it is sometimes necessary to filter users further. In this case, you can set up
an LDAP user filter. The filter must comply with
[RFC 4515](https://tools.ietf.org/search/rfc4515).
**Omnibus configuration**
```ruby
gitlab_rails['ldap_servers'] = YAML.load <<-EOS
main:
# snip...
user_filter: '(employeeType=developer)'
EOS
```
**Source configuration**
```yaml
production:
ldap:
servers:
main:
# snip...
user_filter: '(employeeType=developer)'
```
Tip: If you want to limit access to the nested members of an Active Directory
group you can use the following syntax:
```
(memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=CN=My Group,DC=Example,DC=com)
```
Please note that GitLab does not support the custom filter syntax used by
omniauth-ldap.
## Enabling LDAP sign-in for existing GitLab users
When a user signs in to GitLab with LDAP for the first time, and their LDAP
email address is the primary email address of an existing GitLab user, then
the LDAP DN will be associated with the existing user. If the LDAP email
attribute is not found in GitLab's database, a new user is created.
In other words, if an existing GitLab user wants to enable LDAP sign-in for
themselves, they should check that their GitLab email address matches their
LDAP email address, and then sign into GitLab via their LDAP credentials.
## Limitations
### TLS Client Authentication
Not implemented by `Net::LDAP`.
You should disable anonymous LDAP authentication and enable simple or SASL
authentication. The TLS client authentication setting in your LDAP server cannot
be mandatory and clients cannot be authenticated with the TLS protocol.
### TLS Server Authentication
Not supported by GitLab's configuration options.
When setting `method: ssl`, the underlying authentication method used by
`omniauth-ldap` is `simple_tls`. This method establishes TLS encryption with
the LDAP server before any LDAP-protocol data is exchanged but no validation of
the LDAP server's SSL certificate is performed.
## Troubleshooting
### Invalid credentials when logging in
- Make sure the user you are binding with has enough permissions to read the user's
tree and traverse it.
- Check that the `user_filter` is not blocking otherwise valid users.
- Run the following check command to make sure that the LDAP settings are
correct and GitLab can see your users:
```bash
# For Omnibus installations
sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:ldap:check
# For installations from source
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:ldap:check RAILS_ENV=production
```
### Connection Refused
If you are getting 'Connection Refused' errors when trying to connect to the
LDAP server please double-check the LDAP `port` and `method` settings used by
GitLab. Common combinations are `method: 'plain'` and `port: 389`, OR
`method: 'ssl'` and `port: 636`.
doc/integration/ldap.md
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# GitLab LDAP integration
 
GitLab can be configured to allow your users to sign with their LDAP credentials to integrate with e.g. Active Directory.
The first time a user signs in with LDAP credentials, GitLab will create a new GitLab user associated with the LDAP Distinguished Name (DN) of the LDAP user.
GitLab user attributes such as nickname and email will be copied from the LDAP user entry.
## Security
GitLab assumes that LDAP users are not able to change their LDAP 'mail', 'email' or 'userPrincipalName' attribute.
An LDAP user who is allowed to change their email on the LDAP server can [take over any account](#enabling-ldap-sign-in-for-existing-gitlab-users) on your GitLab server.
We recommend against using GitLab LDAP integration if your LDAP users are allowed to change their 'mail', 'email' or 'userPrincipalName' attribute on the LDAP server.
If a user is deleted from the LDAP server, they will be blocked in GitLab as well.
Users will be immediately blocked from logging in. However, there is an LDAP check
cache time of one hour. The means users that are already logged in or are using Git
over SSH will still be able to access GitLab for up to one hour. Manually block
the user in the GitLab Admin area to immediately block all access.
## Configuring GitLab for LDAP integration
To enable GitLab LDAP integration you need to add your LDAP server settings in `/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb` or `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`.
In GitLab Enterprise Edition you can have multiple LDAP servers connected to one GitLab server.
Please note that before version 7.4, GitLab used a different syntax for configuring LDAP integration.
The old LDAP integration syntax still works in GitLab 7.4.
If your `gitlab.rb` or `gitlab.yml` file contains LDAP settings in both the old syntax and the new syntax, only the __old__ syntax will be used by GitLab.
```ruby
# For omnibus packages
gitlab_rails['ldap_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['ldap_servers'] = YAML.load <<-EOS # remember to close this block with 'EOS' below
main: # 'main' is the GitLab 'provider ID' of this LDAP server
## label
#
# A human-friendly name for your LDAP server. It is OK to change the label later,
# for instance if you find out it is too large to fit on the web page.
#
# Example: 'Paris' or 'Acme, Ltd.'
label: 'LDAP'
host: '_your_ldap_server'
port: 389
uid: 'sAMAccountName'
method: 'plain' # "tls" or "ssl" or "plain"
bind_dn: '_the_full_dn_of_the_user_you_will_bind_with'
password: '_the_password_of_the_bind_user'
# Set a timeout, in seconds, for LDAP queries. This helps avoid blocking
# a request if the LDAP server becomes unresponsive.
# A value of 0 means there is no timeout.
timeout: 10
# This setting specifies if LDAP server is Active Directory LDAP server.
# For non AD servers it skips the AD specific queries.
# If your LDAP server is not AD, set this to false.
active_directory: true
# If allow_username_or_email_login is enabled, GitLab will ignore everything
# after the first '@' in the LDAP username submitted by the user on login.
#
# Example:
# - the user enters 'jane.doe@example.com' and 'p@ssw0rd' as LDAP credentials;
# - GitLab queries the LDAP server with 'jane.doe' and 'p@ssw0rd'.
#
# If you are using "uid: 'userPrincipalName'" on ActiveDirectory you need to
# disable this setting, because the userPrincipalName contains an '@'.
allow_username_or_email_login: false
# To maintain tight control over the number of active users on your GitLab installation,
# enable this setting to keep new users blocked until they have been cleared by the admin
# (default: false).
block_auto_created_users: false
# Base where we can search for users
#
# Ex. ou=People,dc=gitlab,dc=example
#
base: ''
# Filter LDAP users
#
# Format: RFC 4515 https://tools.ietf.org/search/rfc4515
# Ex. (employeeType=developer)
#
# Note: GitLab does not support omniauth-ldap's custom filter syntax.
#
user_filter: ''
# LDAP attributes that GitLab will use to create an account for the LDAP user.
# The specified attribute can either be the attribute name as a string (e.g. 'mail'),
# or an array of attribute names to try in order (e.g. ['mail', 'email']).
# Note that the user's LDAP login will always be the attribute specified as `uid` above.
attributes:
# The username will be used in paths for the user's own projects
# (like `gitlab.example.com/username/project`) and when mentioning
# them in issues, merge request and comments (like `@username`).
# If the attribute specified for `username` contains an email address,
# the GitLab username will be the part of the email address before the '@'.
username: ['uid', 'userid', 'sAMAccountName']
email: ['mail', 'email', 'userPrincipalName']
# If no full name could be found at the attribute specified for `name`,
# the full name is determined using the attributes specified for
# `first_name` and `last_name`.
name: 'cn'
first_name: 'givenName'
last_name: 'sn'
# GitLab EE only: add more LDAP servers
# Choose an ID made of a-z and 0-9 . This ID will be stored in the database
# so that GitLab can remember which LDAP server a user belongs to.
# uswest2:
# label:
# host:
# ....
EOS
```
If you are getting 'Connection Refused' errors when trying to connect to the LDAP server please double-check the LDAP `port` and `method` settings used by GitLab.
Common combinations are `method: 'plain'` and `port: 389`, OR `method: 'ssl'` and `port: 636`.
If you are using a GitLab installation from source you can find the LDAP settings in `/home/git/gitlab/config/gitlab.yml`:
```
production:
# snip...
ldap:
enabled: false
servers:
main: # 'main' is the GitLab 'provider ID' of this LDAP server
## label
#
# A human-friendly name for your LDAP server. It is OK to change the label later,
# for instance if you find out it is too large to fit on the web page.
#
# Example: 'Paris' or 'Acme, Ltd.'
label: 'LDAP'
# snip...
```
## Enabling LDAP sign-in for existing GitLab users
When a user signs in to GitLab with LDAP for the first time, and their LDAP email address is the primary email address of an existing GitLab user, then the LDAP DN will be associated with the existing user.
If the LDAP email attribute is not found in GitLab's database, a new user is created.
In other words, if an existing GitLab user wants to enable LDAP sign-in for themselves, they should check that their GitLab email address matches their LDAP email address, and then sign into GitLab via their LDAP credentials.
GitLab recognizes the following LDAP attributes as email addresses: `mail`, `email` and `userPrincipalName`.
If multiple LDAP email attributes are present, e.g. `mail: foo@bar.com` and `email: foo@example.com`, then the first attribute found wins -- in this case `foo@bar.com`.
## Using an LDAP filter to limit access to your GitLab server
If you want to limit all GitLab access to a subset of the LDAP users on your LDAP server you can set up an LDAP user filter.
The filter must comply with [RFC 4515](https://tools.ietf.org/search/rfc4515).
```ruby
# For omnibus packages; new LDAP server syntax
gitlab_rails['ldap_servers'] = YAML.load <<-EOS
main:
# snip...
user_filter: '(employeeType=developer)'
EOS
```
```yaml
# For installations from source; new LDAP server syntax
production:
ldap:
servers:
main:
# snip...
user_filter: '(employeeType=developer)'
```
Tip: if you want to limit access to the nested members of an Active Directory group you can use the following syntax:
```
(memberOf:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=CN=My Group,DC=Example,DC=com)
```
Please note that GitLab does not support the custom filter syntax used by omniauth-ldap.
## Limitations
GitLab's LDAP client is based on [omniauth-ldap](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omniauth-ldap)
which encapsulates Ruby's `Net::LDAP` class. It provides a pure-Ruby implementation
of the LDAP client protocol. As a result, GitLab is limited by `omniauth-ldap` and may impact your LDAP
server settings.
### TLS Client Authentication
Not implemented by `Net::LDAP`.
So you should disable anonymous LDAP authentication and enable simple or SASL
authentication. TLS client authentication setting in your LDAP server cannot be
mandatory and clients cannot be authenticated with the TLS protocol.
### TLS Server Authentication
Not supported by GitLab's configuration options.
When setting `method: ssl`, the underlying authentication method used by
`omniauth-ldap` is `simple_tls`. This method establishes TLS encryption with
the LDAP server before any LDAP-protocol data is exchanged but no validation of
the LDAP server's SSL certificate is performed.
## Troubleshooting
### Invalid credentials when logging in
Make sure the user you are binding with has enough permissions to read the user's
tree and traverse it.
Also make sure that the `user_filter` is not blocking otherwise valid users.
To make sure that the LDAP settings are correct and GitLab can see your users,
execute the following command:
```bash
# For Omnibus installations
sudo gitlab-rake gitlab:ldap:check
# For installations from source
sudo -u git -H bundle exec rake gitlab:ldap:check RAILS_ENV=production
```
This document was moved under [`administration/auth/ldap`](administration/auth/ldap.md).
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