Create a view with badges and expose at least build status

The problem: Right now we have a build badge, but this is pretty much hidden in docs and not easily accessible.

We should add a view with at least badges for builds.

mentioned in issue #13559 (closed)

Possible duplicate of #13286 (closed)

mentioned in issue #13982 (closed)

mentioned in merge request !3326 (merged)

We agreed with @ayufan that we need to expose builds badges along with markdown text, so that it would be easy to copy-paste badge link to README.

We also agreed on moving this feature to 8.7

Milestone changed to 8.7

Removed feature proposal label

mentioned in issue #13286 (closed)

mentioned in issue #14717 (closed)

Status changed to closed by commit 8eae7b10

mentioned in commit 8eae7b10

mentioned in issue #15598 (closed)

Mentioned in commit pfjason/gitlab-ce@8eae7b10