WIP: Fail jobs if its dependency is missing

What does this MR do?

This MR fails jobs if its dependency is missing.

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

Doesn't this break current architecture?

Why was this MR needed?

Originally issued at https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/34834 as Deliverable

Screenshots (if relevant)

N/A (If this doesn't require ci_builds.failure_reason)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated
• API support added
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Review
  • Has been reviewed by UX
  • Has been reviewed by Frontend
  • Has been reviewed by Backend
  • Has been reviewed by Database
• Conform by the merge request performance guides
• Conform by the style guides
• Squashed related commits together

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Close https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/34834

/cc @ayufan