Whenever we already deal with a User object, let's use the more specific
method avatar_icon_for_user.

Previously we'd use "event.author_email" which translates to
"event.author.email". This would result in an extra query being executed
_for every event_ just to get the same author's Email address.

Instead of doing all this useless work we can just pass the User object
returned by "event.author" since:

1. This allows us to re-use the user object's Email address.
2. Authors are eager-loaded, so this doesn't cause any N+1 queries.

This changes the style of push events that remove tags or branches so
they don't display the commit details. This prevents displaying commit
details such as:

    000000 . --broken encoding

Instead we now simply display the header such as:

    Administrator deleted branch example-branch

This is displayed in the same style as events for newly created
branches/tags.

This commit also ensures that if no commit message is present we simply
don't display anything, instead of "--broken encoding".

Fixes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/36685
Fixes https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/36722

This commit migrates events data in such a way that push events are
stored much more efficiently. This is done by creating a shadow table
called "events_for_migration", and a table called "push_event_payloads"
which is used for storing push data of push events. The background
migration in this commit will copy events from the "events" table into
the "events_for_migration" table, push events in will also have a row
created in "push_event_payloads".

This approach allows us to reclaim space in the next release by simply
swapping the "events" and "events_for_migration" tables, then dropping
the old events (now "events_for_migration") table.

The new table structure is also optimised for storage space, and does
not include the unused "title" column nor the "data" column (since this
data is moved to "push_event_payloads").

== Newly Created Events

Newly created events are inserted into both "events" and
"events_for_migration", both using the exact same primary key value. The
table "push_event_payloads" in turn has a foreign key to the _shadow_
table. This removes the need for recreating and validating the foreign
key after swapping the tables. Since the shadow table also has a foreign
key to "projects.id" we also don't have to worry about orphaned rows.

This approach however does require some additional storage as we're
duplicating a portion of the events data for at least 1 release. The
exact amount is hard to estimate, but for GitLab.com this is expected to
be between 10 and 20 GB at most. The background migration in this commit
deliberately does _not_ update the "events" table as doing so would put
a lot of pressure on PostgreSQL's auto vacuuming system.

== Supporting Both Old And New Events

Application code has also been adjusted to support push events using
both the old and new data formats. This is done by creating a PushEvent
class which extends the regular Event class. Using Rails' Single Table
Inheritance system we can ensure the right class is used for the right
data, which in this case is based on the value of `events.action`. To
support displaying old and new data at the same time the PushEvent class
re-defines a few methods of the Event class, falling back to their
original implementations for push events in the old format.

Once all existing events have been migrated the various push event
related methods can be removed from the Event model, and the calls to
`super` can be removed from the methods in the PushEvent model.

The UI and event atom feed have also been slightly changed to better
handle this new setup, fortunately only a few changes were necessary to
make this work.

== API Changes

The API only displays push data of events in the new format. Supporting
both formats in the API is a bit more difficult compared to the UI.
Since the old push data was not really well documented (apart from one
example that used an incorrect "action" nmae) I decided that supporting
both was not worth the effort, especially since events will be migrated
in a few days _and_ new events are created in the correct format.

Adds rel="noopener noreferrer" to all links with target="_blank"

See merge request !2071

Only show public emails in atom feeds

See merge request !2066

With events no longer being cached this is no longer needed.

Flushing the events cache worked by updating a recent number of rows in
the "events" table. This has the result that on PostgreSQL a lot of dead
tuples are produced on a regular basis. This in turn means that
PostgreSQL will spend considerable amounts of time vacuuming this table.
This in turn can lead to an increase of database load.

For GitLab.com we measured the impact of not using events caching and
found no measurable increase in response timings. Meanwhile not flushing
the events cache lead to the "events" table having no more dead tuples
as now rows are only inserted into this table.

As a result of this we are hereby removing events caching as it does not
appear to help and only increases database load.

For more information see the following comment:
https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/6578#note_18864037

This reverts commit 3e991230.

# Conflicts:
#	app/models/project.rb

Closes #17621

This adds tooltips to the event target for events like "opened merge
request !XYZ"

This ensures all these calls have an author set, allowing the use of
"all" mentions where possible.