Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

In GitLab EE, a GitLab instance can be read-only (e.g. when it's a Geo
secondary node). But in GitLab CE it also might be useful to have the
"read-only" idea around. So port it back to GitLab CE.

Also having the principle of read-only in GitLab CE would hopefully
lead to less errors introduced, doing write operations when there
aren't allowed for read-only calls.

Closes gitlab-org/gitlab-ce#37534.

Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

Also, improved a bit the method names in
Github::Representation::PullRequest.

Last but not least, ensure temp branch names doesn't contain a `/` as
this would create the ref in a subfolder in `refs/heads` (e.g.
`refs/heads/gh-123/456/rymai/foo`), and would leave empty directories
upon branch deletion (e.g. `refs/heads/gh-123/456/rymai/`.

Signed-off-by: Rémy Coutable <remy@rymai.me>

update MR diff

Tests for these new helper methods

also fix some code styling issues

 - only show in merge-requests
 - show as a little glyph

this will remove the need make N queries (per-note) at the
cost of having to mark notes with an attribute

this opens up the possibility for other special roles for notes

The initializers including this were doing so at the top level, so every object
loaded after them had a `current_application_settings` method. However, if
someone had rack-attack enabled (which was loaded before these initializers), it
would try to load the API, and fail, because `Gitlab::CurrentSettings` didn't
have that method.

To fix this:

1. Don't include `Gitlab::CurrentSettings` at the top level. We do not need
   `Object.new.current_application_settings` to work.
2. Make `Gitlab::CurrentSettings` explicitly `extend self`, as we already use it
   like that in several places.
3. Change the initializers to use that new form.

Using `extend` dynamically can lead to bad performance as it
invalidates the method's cache.