Uniform CI status components in vue

app/assets/javascripts/pipelines/components/stage.js

app/assets/javascripts/pipelines/components/status.js

...e_merge_request_widget/components/mr_widget_deployment.js

...vue_merge_request_widget/components/mr_widget_pipeline.js

app/assets/javascripts/vue_shared/ci_status_icons.js

...ssets/javascripts/vue_shared/components/ci_badge_link.vue

app/assets/javascripts/vue_shared/components/ci_icon.vue

...javascripts/vue_shared/components/pipeline_status_icon.js

.../javascripts/vue_shared/components/pipelines_table_row.js

app/assets/javascripts/vue_shared/pipeline_svg_icons.js

app/assets/stylesheets/pages/merge_requests.scss

changelogs/unreleased/30286-ci-badge-component.yml

...pts/vue_mr_widget/components/mr_widget_deployment_spec.js

...ripts/vue_mr_widget/components/mr_widget_pipeline_spec.js

spec/javascripts/vue_shared/components/ci_badge_link_spec.js

spec/javascripts/vue_shared/components/ci_icon_spec.js