Use Gitaly server v0.17.0

What does this MR do?

Update Gitaly server version to v0.17.0

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

No

Why was this MR needed?

Closes #34853 and enables omnibus-gitlab!1712 (merged)

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated
• API support added
• Tests
  • Added for this feature/bug
  • All builds are passing
• Conform by the merge request performance guides
• Conform by the style guides
• Branch has no merge conflicts with master (if it does - rebase it please)
• Squashed related commits together

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #34853