Send API parameters as extra data for sentry errors

What does this MR do?

Send API parameters as extra data for sentry errors

Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?

No.

Why was this MR needed?

We don't have much information currently to work with for API errors. Recently, this made our work harder on https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/issues/38308#note_41845551.

Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?

• Changelog entry added, if necessary
• Documentation created/updated
• API support added
• Tests added for this feature/bug
• Review
  • Has been reviewed by UX
  • Has been reviewed by Frontend
  • Has been reviewed by Backend
  • Has been reviewed by Database
• Conform by the merge request performance guides
• Conform by the style guides
• Squashed related commits together

What are the relevant issue numbers?