Fix ci pipeline processing with async jobs

What does this MR do?

This MR fixes CI pipeline processing with asynchronous jobs called from around_transition provided by state machine. For details see https://github.com/pluginaweek/state_machine/issues/191 and commit f68acbac.

Why was this MR needed?

Recently merged https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ce/merge_requests/6650 introduced problem with asynchronous job being deployed when around_transition still held transaction, which caused race condition that prevented pipeline status to change in a proper way.

What are the relevant issue numbers?

Closes #23111 (closed)