Add handling of non-existing images for Docker >= 17.07
What does this MR do?
Fixes test failures like https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab-ci-multi-runner/-/jobs/30787332 introduced by change in Docker.
Why was this MR needed?
Are there points in the code the reviewer needs to double check?
Does this MR meet the acceptance criteria?
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Documentation created/updated - Tests
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Added for this feature/bug -
All builds are passing
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Branch has no merge conflicts with master
(if you do - rebase it please)