[9.x] backport 19112, 19177 (bootstrapper & loaders reafactor)

src: move internal loaders out of bootstrap_node.js

• Moves the creation of process.binding(), process._linkedBinding() internalBinding() and NativeModule into a separate file lib/internal/bootstrap_loaders.js, and documents them there. This file will be compiled and run before bootstrap_node.js, which means we now bootstrap the internal module & binding system before actually bootstrapping Node.js.
• Rename the special ID that can be used to require NativeModule as internal/bootstrap_loaders since it is setup there. Also put internalBinding in the object exported by NativeModule.require instead of putting it inside the NativeModule.wrapper
• Use the original getBinding() to get the source code of native modules instead of getting it from process.binding('native') so that users cannot fake native modules by modifying the binding object.
• Names the bootstrapping functions so their names show up in the stack trace.

test: remove NODE_DEBUG in global module loading test

Otherwise the debug log output might be mixed up with the expected errors and the assertion matching the error message would fail.

src: put bootstrappers in lib/internal/bootstrap/

Create lib/internal/bootstrap/ and put bootstrappers there:

Before:

lib/internal
├── ...
├── bootstrap_loaders.js
└── bootstrap_node.js

After:

lib/internal
├── ...
└── bootstrap
    ├── loaders.js
    └── node.js

lib: restructure cjs and esm loaders

Create lib/internal/modules and restructure the module loaders to make the purpose of those files clearer.

Also make it clear in the code that the object exported by lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js is CJSModule instead of the ambiguous Module.

Before:

lib
├── ...
├── internal
│       ├── loaders
│       │     ├── CreateDynamicModule.js
│       │     ├── DefaultResolve.js
│       │     ├── Loader.js
│       │     ├── ModuleJob.js
│       │     ├── ModuleMap.js
│       │     ├── ModuleWrap.js
│       │     └── Translators.js
│       └── module.js
└── module.js

After:

lib
├── ...
├── internal
│       ├── ...
│       └── modules
│              ├── cjs
│              │     ├── helpers.js
│              │     └── loader.js
│              └── esm
│                    ├── CreateDynamicModule.js
│                    ├── DefaultResolve.js
│                    ├── Loader.js
│                    ├── ModuleJob.js
│                    ├── ModuleMap.js
│                    └── Translators.js
└── module.js # deleted in this commit to work with git file mode

lib: add back lib/module.js redirection

The previous commit deleted lib/module.js so that git recognize the file move lib/module.js -> lib/internal/modules/cjs/loader.js. This commit add the redirection back.

Refs #19112 Refs #19177