[v10.x] bootstrapper: move internalBinding to NativeModule

Backport of https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/23025

One thing worth noting is that there were a large number of merge conflicts where v10.x used process.binding() and master used internalBinding(). I’ve decided to patch internalBinding() to fall back to process.binding() on v10.x, since we’re not going to backport the conversions.

The advantage of that is that the v10.x-master diff is smaller, and from now on, commits from master can always be backported when they introduce new internalBinding() calls, even for bindings that haven’t been moved yet.